Regional Carbon Imbalances in the Oceans

Regional Changes in Carbon Dioxide Fluxes of Land and Oceans

S m21 is the electrical conductivity of liquid iron and n is a constant that typically lies between 1 and 2. We choose n 5 1.5 in our calculations. 41. The Pand S-wave velocities are based on the Hashin-Shtrikman bounds for elastic composites. We plot the upper bounds so that our velocity reductions represent minimum values. [ J. P. Watt, G. F. Davies, R. J. O’Connell, Rev. Geophys. 14, 541 (19...

Regional changes in carbon dioxide fluxes of land and oceans since 1980.

We have applied an inverse model to 20 years of atmospheric carbon dioxide measurements to infer yearly changes in the regional carbon balance of oceans and continents. The model indicates that global terrestrial carbon fluxes were approximately twice as variable as ocean fluxes between 1980 and 1998. Tropical land ecosystems contributed most of the interannual changes in Earth's carbon balance...

The Regional Carbon Budget

A number of approaches have been used to infer whether Amazonia is a net source or sink for carbon. Top-down approaches based on inverse calculations with CO2 concentrations and atmospheric transport models are problematic because of a paucity of air samples and poor constraints on regional air transport. Direct measurements of changes in aboveground biomass suggest a net carbon sink in oldgrow...

Waves in the Oceans

Neodymium in the oceans: a global database, a regional comparison and implications for palaeoceanographic research

The neodymium (Nd) isotopic composition of seawater has been used extensively to reconstruct ocean circulation on a variety of time scales. However, dissolved neodymium concentrations and isotopes do not always behave conservatively, and quantitative deconvolution of this non-conservative component can be used to detect trace metal inputs and isotopic exchange at ocean-sediment interfaces. In o...